Nutrient Information: Sodium, Na

Nutrient Key Information
Nutrient Name:	Sodium, Na
Nutrient Category:	Minerals
Unit Name:	mg
Nutrient Summary:	Sodium is one of the chemical elements contained in salt. Though some foods (such as milk and celery) contain sodium, about 90% of sodium are added during the food processing in United States. High sodium intake can increase the risk of high blood pressure.

Sample Foods High in: Sodium, Na - All Food Categories - Dairy and Egg Products Vegetables and Vegetable Products Fruits and Fruit Juices Cereal Grains and Pasta Nut and Seed Products Legumes and Legume Products Spices and Herbs Breakfast Cereals Beverages Poultry Products Beef Products Pork Products Finfish and Shellfish Products Lamb, Veal, and Game Products Sausages and Luncheon Meats Fats and Oils Baked Products Sweets Snacks Soups, Sauces, and Gravies Fast Foods Restaurant Foods American Indian/Alaska Native Foods Additional Top Food Sources
	Food Description	Nutrient Amount1	Daily Value%2
	Seeds, sunflower seed kernels from shell, dry roasted, with salt added Category: Nut and Seed Products Similar foods: roasted sunflower seed	6,008 mg	261.22%
	Fish, salmon, chinook, smoked, (lox), regular Category: Finfish and Shellfish Products Similar foods: smoked salmon	2,000 mg	86.96%
	Pork, cured, bacon, cooked, restaurant Category: Pork Products Similar foods: cooked bacon	1,830 mg	79.57%
	Cheese, pasteurized process, American, vitamin D fortified Category: Dairy and Egg Products Similar foods: American cheese	1,660 mg	72.17%
	Pork, cured, ham -- water added, whole, boneless, separable lean and fat, heated, roasted Category: Pork Products Similar foods: roasted cured ham	1,181 mg	51.35%
	Sausage, pork, chorizo, link or ground, cooked, pan-fried Category: Sausages and Luncheon Meats Similar foods: pork sausage	983 mg	42.74%
	Frankfurter, beef, unheated Category: Sausages and Luncheon Meats Similar foods: frankfurter	872 mg	37.91%

Nutrient Detail Information
Nutrient Summary	Sodium is one of the chemical elements contained in salt. Though some foods (such as milk and celery) contain sodium, about 90% of sodium are added during the food processing in United States. High sodium intake can increase the risk of high blood pressure.
Nutrient Function	Sodium regulates extracellular fluid volume and plasma volume. It is important for some body processes: • Acid-base balance • Fluid balance • Help muscle contraction • Nervous system function, such as help sending nerve impulses High intake of sodium increases risk of high blood pressure which causes high force of the blood flow that can harm arteries and organs, such as hearts, brains, kidneys, and eyes. Notes: 1) For the people sweat more (such as individuals who are exposed to high temperatures or who are physically active), the Adequate Intake amount is higher than normally recommended amount. 2) The sodium Daily Values are based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025 edition published by United States government.
Food Sources Top Food Sources	• High-sodium in processed and canned foods: such as luncheon meats, hot dogs, canned vegetables, processed cheese • Condiments: such as worcestershire sauce, soy sauce, and ketchup. • Snack foods: such as chips, crackers, microwave popcorn, and pretzels • Cold cuts and cured meats • Burritos and tacos • Pizza • Soups • Breads and rolls
Deficiency Health Effects	Though concerns have been raised that a low level of sodium intake adversely affects blood lipids, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease risk, there is no evidence to support this concern if an individual take sodium at the level of Adequate Intake (1.5g/day for adult).
Effects if Above Upper Limit	The major adverse effect of increased sodium chloride intake is elevated blood pressure. Note: • The Upper Limit amount of sodium should be lower for the individuals with hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease because their blood pressures are more sensitive to sodium. • The Upper Limit amount of sodium should be higher for people with strenuous physical activity or exposed in hot environment because of the sweat.
External References	Learn more by reading The National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine publication: Dietary Reference Intakes or explore US FDA Website: Interactive Nutrition Facts Label - Sodium

Daily Value Age Group	Recommended Daily Values	Daily Value Upper Limits
Toddler 1 to 3 years old:	1,200 mg	1,500 mg
Child 4 to 8 years old:	1,500 mg	1,900 mg
Male 9 to 13 years old:	1,800 mg	2,200 mg
Male 14 to 18 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Male 19 to 30 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Male 31 to 50 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Male 51 to 70 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Male Senior 71 or older:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female 9 to 13 years old:	1,800 mg	2,200 mg
Female 14 to 18 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female 19 to 30 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female 31 to 50 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female 51 to 70 years old:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female Senior 71 or older:	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female Pregnancy (>18):	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
Female Lactation (>18):	2,300 mg	2,300 mg
FDA (Based on 2000 calorie daily diet):	2,300 mg	2,300 mg

	The nutrient Dietary Reference Intakes and nutrition facts is from Institute of Medicine of National Academies 2006. Dietary Reference Intakes: The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/11537
	Nutrition facts knowledge are based on U.S. FOOD & DRUG Administration Nutrition Education Resources & Materials. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/interactivenutritionfactslabel/
	Nutrition facts knowledge are based on National Institutes of Health Dietary Supplement Fact Sheets. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/list-all
Disclaimer	The nutrient information provided here should not take the place of medical advice. We encourage you to talk to your healthcare providers (such as your doctor) about your dietary requirements which are best for your overall health. We also recommend you to read organization or professional reference documents or articles mentioned, but not limited to, in this page. Any mentions and reference links in this page don't represent our endorsement of their services and advice.